49.
World Bank, China Development Brief, http://www.chinadevelopmentbrief.com/brief.asp; for a detailed commentary on China’s fabrication or manipulation of statistics, see DIIR, Height of Darkness: Chinese Colonialism on the World’s Roof, Dharamsala, India, December 2001
50.
For example TCHRD Interview 8, 6 August 2001 Tibetan from Ngamring County, Shigatse Prefecture, “TAR”; Tibetan from Henan County, Malho “TAP”, Qinghai: TCHRD Interview 52, 27 November 2000); Tibetan from Saga County, Shigatse Prefecture, TAP: TCHRD Interview 65, 18 July 2001; Tibetan from Karze County, Karze “TAP”, Sichuan: TCHRD Interview 67, 27 August 2001
51.
Testimonies by a man from Gongkar county, Lhokha Prefecture, “TAR” (TCHRD Interview 27, 21 September 2001) who says that the government doesn’t give any grains, but that poor people must borrow from wealthier families; a farmer from Tingri County, Shigatse Prefecture, “TAR”, says that government assistance for poor people is only enough for three families, so at least eight families out of 22 in the township are completely dependant on loans for their day-to-day living: TCHRD Interview 4/400, 21 June 2001
81.
TIN, 6 April 2001, www.tibetinfo.net/news-updates; for an analysis of the possible effect of the railway on Tibet, see DIIR, China’s Railway Project: Where Will it take Tibet?, Dharamsala India, August 2001
115 Article 1 ILO Convention (No. 105) specifically outlaws members of the ILO using forced or compulsory labour as a means of political education, as a punishment for political expression, or as a means of mobilising labour for the purposes of economic development. Although China has refused to sign this Convention, the ILO has found that by being a member, it has committed itself to uphold international standards: see Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work passed at the International Labour Conference, 19 June 1998. In addition, Article 6 of ICESCR gives people the right to gain a living by freely choosing work; in forcing people to work, “re-education through labour” clearly breaches this right; Article 9 of the ICCPR prohibits arbitrary detention and gives people the right to appeal to a court against their detention; Article 14 of ICCPR states that people are innocent unless proven guilty by a court
